PCOD and PCOS: Causes, Symptoms, Differences and Treatment
Dr. Nitya Agrawal | August 8, 2025 | Medical PCOD and PCOS: Causes, Symptoms, Differences and Treatment Published by Vishesh
Fractures—commonly known as broken bones—can happen in an instant and unpredictably. Knowing what to do while waiting for professional help can dramatically reduce complications, pain, and healing time. This in-depth, easy-to-follow guide will clarify how you, as a layperson, can deliver quality first aid if you or someone else suffers a fracture.
A fracture is any break—complete or partial—in a bone. Fractures can be caused by trauma (accidents, falls, sports), or less commonly by diseases that weaken bones. Types:
Open fracture: the broken bone pierces the skin. This type of fracture is more prone to infections.
Closed fracture: skin is intact, but the bone is broken beneath.
Recognizing and responding quickly is vital to avoid further injury.
1. Assess the scene.
Only approach if it is safe (e.g., no vehicles in motion, electricity hazards controlled).
If severe bleeding, visible bone, or suspected head/spine injury—call emergency services immediately.
2. Do not move the injured person unless absolutely necessary.
3. Reassure and keep the person calm.
Fracture first aid centers around the RICE protocol:
R – Rest:
Stop using the injured limb right away. Support it with any hard and straight object and protect it from further motion.
I – Ice:
Apply a cold pack or ice (wrapped in cloth, never directly) to the injury for 15–20 minutes every hour if possible. This reduces swelling and pain.
C – Compression:
Loosely wrap the area with an elastic bandage if you can do so painlessly, but not tightly enough to restrict circulation. Remove if fingers/toes turn pale, blue, or numb.
E – Elevation:
Keep the injured part raised above heart level to help minimize swelling, so long as it doesn’t worsen pain. →
Proper immobilization prevents further bone or tissue damage.
Use a splint (rigid board, rolled-up towel, cardboard, or thick magazine). Commercial splints or even a sturdy stick can work.
Pad the splint to prevent pressure sores.
Immobilize the joint above and below the suspected fracture.
Tie the splint with cloth strips, gauze, or tape.
Never make splints so tight that they affect blood flow.
After splinting, regularly check fingers or toes for color, warmth, and sensation.
Example:
If someone has a forearm fracture, you can use a magazine, padded with a towel, and firmly tie it above and below the break. Then, make a sling to support the arm.
Shock is a dangerous reduction in blood flow to vital organs.
Signs of shock:
Clammy, pale skin
Weak or rapid pulse
Shallow breathing
Weakness or fainting
First Aid for Shock:
Lay the person down (if no spinal injury suspected).
Raise legs 6–12in.
Keep warm (cover with blanket/clothes).
Do not give food or drink.
Monitor until help arrives.
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| Call for Help | Immediately for severe injury, bleeding, or suspected spinal involvement |
| Stop Bleeding | Apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth; avoid pressure on bone |
| Immobilization | Use splints; pad and secure above/below fracture |
| RICE | Rest, Ice, Compression (if safe), Elevation |
| Monitor for Shock | Look for symptoms and respond as above |
| Remove Restrictive | Take off rings, watches, or tight clothing from injured limb |
| Reassure | Keep person calm, monitor breathing and consciousness |
Never try to straighten a limb or push back a protruding bone.
Always remove rings, bracelets, or restrictive items from the injured area, as swelling may occur.
For suspected head, neck, or back fractures, do not move the person—wait for professional help.
Early action can greatly reduce complications and long-term disability.
Vishesh Hospital is Nagpur’s leading orthopedic and gynecological care center, located at Dabha Ring Road, opposite Sandeepani School. Our experienced orthopedic surgeons provide comprehensive bone health services, from prevention to advanced treatments. For consultations on bone health and nutrition, contact us at our 24/7 helpline.
At Vishesh Hospital, we care with compassion, treat with dedication, and put every life first — because caring is at the heart of healing.
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